Summary: We observed a deadlock which occurred when two threads were laying out the same set of nodes. On one thread, layout would occur on a leaf node. It would lock and as part of this layout process, ASDK walks up the node tree and calls __setNeedsLayout on its supernode until it reaches the supernode with no supernode. When the supernode gets its call to __setNeedsLayout it also locks. So leaf node locks and then awaits supernode lock. On another thread, we're doing a layout pass on the supernode in the above thread. This locks the supernode and attempts to lock the leaf node. This deadlocks (remember the above thread is holding onto the leaf lock and awaiting the supernode lock. This thread is holding onto the supernode lock and awaiting the leaf lock). This is all exacerbated by the use of recursive locks.
AsyncDisplayKit is an iOS framework that keeps even the most complex user interfaces smooth and responsive. It was originally built to make Facebook's Paper possible, and goes hand-in-hand with pop's physics-based animations — but it's just as powerful with UIKit Dynamics and conventional app designs.
Quick start
ASDK is available on CocoaPods. Add the following to your Podfile:
pod 'AsyncDisplayKit'
(ASDK can also be used as a regular static library: Copy the project to your
codebase manually, adding AsyncDisplayKit.xcodeproj to your workspace. Add
libAsyncDisplayKit.a, MapKit, AssetsLibrary, and Photos to the "Link Binary With
Libraries" build phase. Include -lc++ -ObjC in your project linker flags.)
Import the framework header, or create an Objective-C bridging header if you're using Swift:
#import <AsyncDisplayKit/AsyncDisplayKit.h>
AsyncDisplayKit Nodes are a thread-safe abstraction layer over UIViews and CALayers:
You can construct entire node hierarchies in parallel, or instantiate and size a single node on a background thread — for example, you could do something like this in a UIViewController:
dispatch_async(_backgroundQueue, ^{
ASTextNode *node = [[ASTextNode alloc] init];
node.attributedString = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"hello!"
attributes:nil];
[node measure:CGSizeMake(screenWidth, FLT_MAX)];
node.frame = (CGRect){ CGPointZero, node.calculatedSize };
// self.view isn't a node, so we can only use it on the main thread
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[self.view addSubview:node.view];
});
});
In Swift:
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0) {
let node = ASTextNode()
node.attributedString = NSAttributedString(string: "hello")
node.measure(CGSize(width: screenWidth, height: CGFloat.max))
node.frame = CGRect(origin: CGPointZero, size: node.calculatedSize)
// self.view isn't a node, so we can only use it on the main thread
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
self.view.addSubview(node.view)
}
}
AsyncDisplayKit at a glance:
ASImageNodeandASTextNodeare drop-in replacements for UIImageView and UITextView.ASMultiplexImageNodecan load and display progressively higher-quality variants of an image over a slow cell network, letting you quickly show a low-resolution photo while the full size downloads.ASNetworkImageNodeis a simpler, single-image counterpart to the Multiplex node.ASTableViewandASCollectionVieware a node-aware UITableView and UICollectionView, respectively, that can asynchronously preload cell nodes — from loading network data to rendering — all without blocking the main thread.
You can also easily create your own nodes to implement node hierarchies or custom drawing.
Learn more
- Read the Getting Started guide
- Get the sample projects
- Browse the API reference
- Watch the NSLondon talk or the NSSpain talk
Testing
AsyncDisplayKit has extensive unit test coverage. You'll need to run pod install in the root AsyncDisplayKit directory to set up OCMock.
Contributing
See the CONTRIBUTING file for how to help out.
License
AsyncDisplayKit is BSD-licensed. We also provide an additional patent grant.
The files in the /examples directory are licensed under a separate license as specified in each file; documentation is licensed CC-BY-4.0.

